Every dedicated pet owner understands the importance of keeping their dog’s vaccinations current. But what exactly do these vaccines target? One key disease covered by annual shots (or boosters) is canine adenovirus. Let’s explore what this virus is, how it affects dogs, and how to protect against it.
What Is Adenovirus In Dogs?
Canine adenovirus, also known as infectious canine hepatitis, is a viral infection that causes severe liver inflammation and potential long-term damage. There are two types: CAV-1 and CAV-2. CAV-1 spreads easily between dogs but isn’t zoonotic, meaning it doesn’t affect humans.
How Do Dogs Contract Canine Adenovirus?
This virus is highly contagious, especially among young or immunocompromised dogs—all unvaccinated dogs are vulnerable. It spreads through bodily fluids from infected dogs, including urine, eye, and nasal discharge. Note: Hepatitis in dogs can also stem from other causes like bacteria, parasites, toxins (e.g., blue-green algae), or tumors.
Adenovirus In Dogs – Symptoms
Symptoms of adenovirus-induced hepatitis usually appear within five days of infection, though delays up to two weeks are possible. Mild signs may include coughing, cloudy eyes, and eye/nasal discharge. Common symptoms also include lethargy, reduced appetite, abdominal discomfort, jaundice (yellowing of eyes, gums, or skin), and fever. Severe cases can lead to vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and even fatal outcomes.
Can Adenovirus In Dogs Be Treated?
There’s no direct cure for adenovirus hepatitis. Treatment focuses on symptom management and supporting the immune system. Vets may hospitalize dogs for IV fluids, pain relief, anti-nausea meds, and anti-inflammatories. Liver-protective drugs and antibiotics (for secondary infections) may also be prescribed.
How To Prevent Canine Adenovirus In Dogs
Thankfully, a vaccine exists—making infectious canine hepatitis rare today. The vaccine uses CAV-2, which also protects against CAV-1. It’s often part of combination shots (covering parvovirus, distemper, leptospirosis, etc.). Puppies need a primary series (at least two doses), a booster at one year, and then every three years.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can Dogs Get Hepatitis?
Yes—hepatitis (liver inflammation) affects dogs, just like humans. The adenovirus form is called infectious canine hepatitis.
Is Adenovirus In Dogs Contagious To Other Dogs?
Absolutely. Unvaccinated dogs are at risk, as the virus spreads through urine, eye, and nasal secretions from infected animals.
What Other Vaccines Does My Dog Need?
Beyond adenovirus, dogs require core vaccines for diseases like parvovirus and distemper. Always consult your vet to confirm vaccination status. Understanding puppy vaccine timelines and whether pet insurance covers shots can help keep your dog healthy.
